Secondary social processes8/26/2023 ![]() Thousands of immigrant children in the United States today are learning English, US history, and other subjects that help prepare them for the workforce and integrate them into American life.Ī third function of education is social placement. As we saw, the development of such common views was a goal of the system of free, compulsory education that developed in the nineteenth century. For a society to work, functionalists say, people must subscribe to a common set of beliefs and values. In the United States, these norms and values include respect for authority, patriotism (remember the Pledge of Allegiance?), punctuality, and competition (for grades and sports victories).Ī second function of education is social integration. Schools teach the three Rs (reading, ’riting, ’rithmetic), as we all know, but they also teach many of the society’s norms and values. If children are to learn the norms, values, and skills they need to function in society, then education is a primary vehicle for such learning. Perhaps the most important function of education is socialization. Certain educational problems have their basis in social interaction and expectations.įunctional theory stresses the functions that education serves in fulfilling a society’s various needs. Specific research finds that social interaction in schools affects the development of gender roles and that teachers’ expectations of pupils’ intellectual abilities affect how much pupils learn. This perspective focuses on social interaction in the classroom, on the playground, and in other school venues. Problems in the educational institution harm society because all these functions cannot be completely fulfilled.Įducation promotes social inequality through the use of tracking and standardized testing and the impact of its “hidden curriculum.” Schools differ widely in their funding and learning conditions, and this type of inequality leads to learning disparities that reinforce social inequality. ![]() Latent functions include child care, the establishment of peer relationships, and lowering unemployment by keeping high school students out of the full-time labor force. ![]() These include (a) socialization, (b) social integration, (c) social placement, and (d) social and cultural innovation. Table 11.1 Theory Snapshot Theoretical perspectiveĮducation serves several functions for society.
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